If you are planning to buy land or property in Ranchi or anywhere in Jharkhand, understanding the Chotanagpur Tenancy Act (CNT Act) is absolutely essential. Many property buyers and sellers in Ranchi face legal complications because they are unaware of these special land laws. Advocate Ankit Burman, a top property lawyer in Ranchi, explains the key provisions of the CNT Act that affect property transactions in Jharkhand.
What is the Chotanagpur Tenancy (CNT) Act, 1908?
The CNT Act is a special law applicable in the erstwhile Chotanagpur region of Jharkhand. Its primary purpose is to protect the land rights of tribal (Scheduled Tribe) and other raiyats (farmers/tenants) from exploitation. The Act restricts the transfer of tribal land to non-tribals.
Key Provisions of CNT Act Relevant to Ranchi Property Buyers
Section 46 – Restriction on Transfer of Raiyati Land
Under Section 46, tribal land cannot be transferred (sold, mortgaged, leased) to a non-tribal person without the permission of the Deputy Commissioner. Any such transfer without permission is void and can be cancelled.
Section 48 – Right of Preemption
Tribal co-tenants have the right of pre-emption – the first right to buy land being sold by another tribal in the same village.
Section 71A – Restoration of Illegally Transferred Tribal Land
If tribal land has been illegally transferred to non-tribals, the original tribal owner can apply for restoration under Section 71A before the Sub-Divisional Officer.
Important Things to Check Before Buying Property in Ranchi
- Check the seller’s caste/tribe status – If the seller is ST/SC, CNT Act restrictions may apply
- Verify the title deed chain – Ensure no illegal transfers exist in the property history
- Check for Revenue Records (Khatian) – Verify the correct entry in the Ranchi District Revenue Records
- Check for pending litigation – Search for any court cases on the property
- Verify DC permission if the land falls under CNT Act restrictions
Which Areas of Ranchi Have CNT Act Protected Land?
CNT Act applies across Ranchi district. Areas like Kanke, Ratu, Ormanjhi, Bundu, Tamar, and peri-urban areas of Ranchi particularly have significant tribal land. Even in central Ranchi areas like Doranda, Bariatu, Harmu, many land parcels may carry CNT Act restrictions.
Consult a Property Lawyer Before Buying Land in Ranchi
Before finalizing any land or property deal in Ranchi, it is strongly recommended to consult a property lawyer who understands CNT Act implications.
📞 Call Advocate Ankit Burman: +91 7384818188
📍 Near Civil Court, Ranchi – 834001